Adults become active in spring when new plant growth has started and aphid colonies have begun to build. Adult lady beetles may require other food in addition to prey, and many feed on flower pollen, nectar, or honeydew. The adults of many species will also feed on plant material, including pollen, fungi, and decaying plants; a few species feed on seeds, while a few others are considered to be damaging to agricultural crops. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). They can vary in size from less than inch long to over one inch long depending on the species and their stage of development. During their foraging, many will climb onto plants to feed on prey such as aphids and caterpillars. Some are red or orange with black spots, some are black with red spots, while others have no spots at all. The adults are oval to oval-elongate in shape, but vary a lot in color and shape so they can be difficult to recognize consistently. The adults feed on foliage and the larvae, called flat-headed borers, tunnel in wood. Unlike a June Bug larva, a GJB larva often use the bristles on the top side of its exoskeleton to wriggle along on its back. For example, a coincidence experienced by a person in the course of studying coincidences. Scarab Beetles (Scarabaeidae) Scarab beetles are a family of over 30,000 beetles found throughout the world. For example, blister beetle larvae are parasitic on soil-dwelling insects but the adult beetles feed on plants. The classification of this family has undergone significant change in recent years. Habitat? Ground beetles are swift runners; many species have large mandibles used to hold and dispatch victims. In the Southeastern quadrant of the U.S., the June Bug du jour is the day-flying Green June Beetle (Cotinis/Cotinus nitida), in the scarab family Scarabaeidae; our rusty pal is called the May beetle there. As with our other list pages, you can click on the small 'X' in each entry to remove unneeded/unwanted entries in the result. scarab beetle, (family Scarabaeidae), any of approximately 30,000 species of beetles (insect order Coleoptera) that are compact and heavy-bodied insects with robustly oval outlines. The color of GBs varies from pale broom-straw yellow to rich saffron. They are distinguished from other beetles by their unusual antennae, each of which terminates in three flattened plates that fit together to form a club. ), bean leaf beetle (Cerotoma trifurcata), Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), corn rootworms (Diabrotica spp. Knowing what you value will help you build the most meaningful life possible. Feedback, questions or accessibility issues: Growing and Caring for Plants in Wisconsin: Foundations in Gardening, Plant Diagnostics: The Step-by-Step Approach to Identifying Plant Problems, https://learningstore.extension.wisc.edu/, Avoiding WinterSaltInjury on your Landscape Plants, Preparing the vegetable garden for winter. Some are omnivorous, feeding to some extent on plant tissue such as wheat grains and vegetables. Both the adults and larvae are plant feeders. 2) The patients reporting a dream of the scarab jewelry. Some types occur in vegetation where they prey on plant pests. Some common scarabs include Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica), rose chafer (Macrodactylus subspinosus), June beetles (Junebugs), May beetles, and others. Jung commented that the beetle "contrary to its usual habits had evidently felt an urge to get into a dark room at this particular moment." Namely, Jung's use of the scarab beetle as an archetypal symbol may have been picked up on a subconscious level by his patient who may have manifested it as part of a common need of patients to please their therapists. Her defenses dropped. Egyptian cosmogony includes the scarab beetle rolling its ball of dung with the ball representing the Earth and the beetle the Sun. They rest on foliage during the day and fly at night. Feedback, questions or accessibility issues: Growing and Caring for Plants in Wisconsin: Foundations in Gardening, Plant Diagnostics: The Step-by-Step Approach to Identifying Plant Problems, Avoiding WinterSaltInjury on your Landscape Plants, Preparing the vegetable garden for winter. In his monograph Synchronicity (1973) Carl Jung (1875-1961) reported a synchronicity with a patient during psychotherapy.The image of a scarab beetle had appeared in patient's dream and as she . Jill Staake Sometimes called dung beetles, scarab beetles are sometimes surprisingly beautiful up close.. The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 30,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles.The classification of this family has undergone significant change in recent years. Several members of this family have structurally coloured shells which act as left-handed circular polarisers; this was the first-discovered example of circular polarization in nature. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/animal/scarab-beetle. 5 Spiritual Practices That Increase Well-Being. Scarab beetles, including dung beetles, chafers and others, are oval or elongate and convex with heavy bodies. Most of the approximately 5,000 species worldwide (475 in North American) are beneficial predators, but a limited number are phytophagous (plant feeders) the Mexican bean beetle (Epilachna varivestis) is the most notable. X. Of the approximately 40 families of beetles that have members that prey on or parasitize other insects, two families, the lady beetles and ground beetles, are particularly important in gardens, home landscapes and agriculture. It consists of both small and large sizes of beetles . This beetle was associated with the divine manifestation of the early morning sun, Khepri, whose name was written with the scarab hieroglyph and who was believed to roll the disk of the morning sun over the . Some dung beetles form balls of dung that they roll about with their hind legs, sometimes for long distances and sometimes working in pairs. The meta prefix is meant to show that the coincidences have somehow come together cumulatively, just as a metastudy is a study on the topic of studies. ), cucumber beetles (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardii and Acalymma vittata), elm leaf beetle (Pyrralta luteola) and numerous types of flea beetles. The adults chew round shotholes in foliage; the larvae feed on plant roots. The dung beetles lay their eggs in underground chambers that the adults supplied with dung of grazing animals, where the larvae feed and pupate, emerging as adults. The slowly-moving beetles appeared to be utterly unaware of their danger and as stupid as the Scarabaeidae are generally accredited with being, at least when not in flight. A little judgmental there, Mr. C! When disturbed, the adults tuck their legs in and drop to the ground. Soldier beetles Family Cantharidae. Something else found the beetle first and ate its innards, making a big hole in the underside of its abdomen in the process, and so it goes. Remember that if you use toxic pesticides, you often kill off all the beneficial insects for your garden, including beetles. Says the Reverend Lockwood, The Goldsmith beetle is very short-lived. Theyre almost twice the size of the common ladybug. Proper timing is important to maximize the effectiveness of grub control products. But many of them have something more important in common: Theyre good bugs for your garden. Several subfamilies have been elevated to family rank (e.g., Bolboceratidae, Geotrupidae, Glaresidae, Glaphyridae, Hybosoridae, Ochodaeidae, and Pleocomidae), and . In the scarab story, one coincidence is that the woman was talking about a scarab and a scarab appeared. Really big scarabs in other countries can measure 6 in length. Adult soldier beetles are elongate, soft-bodied beetles similar to fireflies. Their larvae are carnivorous, feeding on eggs and other insect larvae. As their name suggests, Earth-boring Scarab Beetles dig into the ground, sometimes up to 2-3 meters (6-9 feet) deep. Both the larvae and adults of some species are considered pests (the infamous Japanese beetle is a scarab), but other species are decomposers that are important members of their local food webs. The four most important families of beetles with common garden pests and two additional families that have some significant pests of ornamental plants are reviewed here. An account published by the Kansas State Agricultural College in 1926 says it all: In July, 1920, a number of freshly-hatched grubs were placed in a large can containing crushed and rotting fragments of elm wood and left undisturbed in the rearing cave. If you do not water, the insecticide may provide little or no control. See University of Wisconsin-Madison Extension bulletins A3950 (Watering Your Lawn), A2303 (Lawn Fertilization), A3435 (Lawn Maintenance) and A3434 (Lawn Establishment & Renovation) for details on these aspects of turfgrass maintenance. Page showcasing all insects found in the North American state/province/territory of Wisconsin . Adults eat the leaves of grape (wild and domestic) and Virginia creeper (and theres one account of a GB browsing on spinach in a garden), and the larvae (grubs) feed on rotting wood. The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 30,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The list below showcases all Beetles related to the state/territory of Wisconsin currently in the InsectIdentification.org database. Initial episodes were short and sarcastic, because BugFan Patrick has a short attention span and because both he and the BugLady might be a tad irreverent. Unlike earwigs, however, rove beetles are predatory. Ms. GB lays her eggs in stumps and other rotting wood, or on the ground near stumps and rotting wood, apparently favoring dead elm, oak, maple, apple, and hickory. These long-bodied beetles look something like earwigs and are found in the same habitat, under rocks, logs and leaf litter. They have distinctive, clubbed antennae composed of plates called lamellae that can be compressed into a ball or fanned out like leaves to sense odours. Get the help you need from a therapist near youa FREE service from Psychology Today. The larvae prefer damp places and are inactive by day. X. The pale, C-shaped larvae hatch two weeks later, dig/bore in, and feedand feed, and feedfor the rest of their first year and through their second summer. The larvae are also predators, but most spend their larval lives in the soil or other protected locations. Additional damage can occur when animals (e.g., skunks, raccoons, crows, etc.) Another porch light bug (not the BugLadys porch, this timethanks, Deb), this beautiful, plus-sized (inch-or-more) beetle is variously known as the Grapevine beetle (GB), the Spotted June beetle/bug, and the Spotted Pelidnota (Pelidnota punctata). Big-headed Ground Beetle. He needed to have something happen to help his patient's therapy move along. After five years and 244 BOTWs, BugFan Patrick is leaving our midst. Sunflower Tortoise Beetle Larva. This is an abundant group with about 35,000 species worldwide and 1,500 in North America. PostedNovember 16, 2020 These garden bugs are active during the day and live in vegetation, where they feed on pollen and nectar and serve as pollinators. Eggs are laid under hay bales in the fields, under moist heaps of manure and compost and mulch, and beneath grass (including pastureland) that has been visited by a manure spreader (either 4-wheeled or 4-footed). This distinctly colored beetle is common in gardens where milkweed has been allowed to grow. For decades afterwards, this story became the paradigm synchronicity. The largest of beetle families, with about 48,000 species worldwide, is comprised almost entirely of plant feeders, either on plants or stored grains. Omissions? Psychology Today 2023 Sussex Publishers, LLC, Source: Wikimedia 5 August 2007 Source Author Chrumps, If You Need to Pull an All-Nighter, This Should Be Your Diet, Mass Shootings Are a Symptom, Not the Root Problem. Psychotherapy research suggests that the therapist shapes the content of what patients say. Preventative insecticides must be applied prior to any egg-laying to achieve maximum effectiveness. These products often provide limited and highly variable control compared to chemical insecticides. In winter, they dig down as far as 30 to overwinter as semi-mature larvae. Not all beetles have such fanciful names as fireflies and ladybugs. The adults emerge to feed on the foliage of a variety of ornamental plants. Yet he reported being surprised that the beetle wanted to enter a dark room "contrary to its usual habits.". The Scotts Lawn Care folks say that large riding mowers and larger lawns have abetted the spread of GJBs. For example, although the majority of members of the lady beetle family are predators, a few species (such as the pestiferous Mexican bean beetle) are plant feeders, and others are fungus feeders. Coleoptera, more commonly known as beetles, is the most diverse insect order, with more than 350,000 species, 24,000 in North America alone. An EEO/AA employer, University of Wisconsin-Madison Division of Extension provides equal opportunities in employment and programming, including Title VI, Title IX, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act requirements. Both participants were changed by the event. The rose-chafer seemed to respond to his need. See University of Wisconsin-Madison Extension bulletin A4128 (Conservation of Native and Domestic Pollinators in Managed Turfgrass Landscapes) for guidance on protecting pollinators in turfgrass areas. It was first discovered in the U.S. in southern New Jersey in 1916. . The larvae of most species are predaceous on other insects, including eggs of grasshoppers, small caterpillars, maggots and other soft-bodied insects. For example, when we here in Gods Country hear the words June Bug, we picture the rusty, shiny, chunky beetle that emerges from the soil in late May and spends the next month buzzing against and clinging on the screens at night, only to disappear underground by sunrise (thats why those hard wing coverselytrawere invented, to protect the soft, flying wings from wear and tear). In 1868, the Reverend Samuel Lockwood described them more generously: Among the Beetles of North America, very few can bear away the palm for beauty from the Cotalpa lanigera, or, as popularly known, the Goldsmith Beetle. 21st Dynasty, Egyptian Papyrus of Queen Nejmet . The black vine weevil (Otiorhynchus sulcatus) and strawberry root weevil (Otiorhynchus ovatus) are common pests in gardens, with the larvae feeding on the roots of many woody shrubs and strawberry. Ground beetles Family Carabidae, Ground beetles belong to the family Carabidae, which is one of the largest beetle families, with at least 34,000 and maybe more than 40,000 species worldwide. Many species of these stout, oval-shaped beetles feed on animal dung, making them very good bugs for your garden! The ten-lined June beetle (Polyphylla decemlineata), also known as the watermelon beetle, is a scarab beetle found in the western United States and Canada. Advertisements QUICK LISTS Scarabs are sturdy, shiny, often-colorful beetles with front legs adapted for digging and with antennae tipped with "stacks" of leaf-like plates that they . "A young woman of high education and serious demeanor" was being treated by Jung. Some of the 16,500 species worldwide feed on decaying organic matter while others prefer living plants. The story also represents Jungs vision of himselfbringing transformation to the rigid, rational thinking of the Western mind through synchronicity. They emerge from their pupal cases in fall, but they stay below decks in a state of suspended animation until the soil warms in spring; both the larvae and the newly-emerged adults escape freezing by staying at least 15 underground. The scarab beetle family is very large, with breathtaking variety and often great beauty. The adults of most species feed on dung or nectar, or do not feed at all. Their larvae, too, are predatory. Phyllophaga is a very large genus (more than 900 species) of New World scarab beetles in the subfamily Melolonthinae.Common names for this genus and many other related genera in the subfamily Melolonthinae are May beetles, June bugs, and July beetles. The large 2 larvae look similar to the white grubs of our brown June Bugs (which are also scarabs). Many species are nocturnal, and many are found associated with the ground, such as under leaf litter or stones, or in loose soil. Egyptian amulets representing the sacred scarab beetles were traded throughout the Mediterranean world.[2]. Many of the aphidophagous species lay clusters of 10-50 yellow to orange, oblong eggs. But common names do not tell us whos related to whomfor that, we turn to scientific names and official classification. We teach, learn, lead and serve, connecting people with the University of Wisconsin, and engaging with them in transforming lives and communities. Scarabs are important e recyclers of nutrients in the soil, the larvae feeding on roots, dung, rotten wood and rotting vegetation. Weevils Family Curculionidae. 19. and May and June beetles (Phyllophaga spp.). https://doi.org/10.1037/h0022912. Connect with your County Extension Office , Find an Extension employee in our staff directory , Get the latest news and updates on Extension's work around the state, Feedback, questions or accessibility issues: info@extension.wisc.edu | 2023 The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System Privacy Policy | Non-Discrimination Policy & How to File a Complaint | Disability Accommodation Requests. These are not giant ladybugs, nor are they related to ladybugs outside of their mutual beetle-hood. Susan and Dan Mahr, University of Wisconsin Madison. This page was last edited on 16 February 2023, at 22:46. X. Applying the Bare-Minimum Monday Philosophy to Relationships, Mass Shooters and the Myth That Evil Is Obvious, Transforming Empathy Into Compassion: Why It Matters, CFT: Focusing on Compassion In Next-Generation CBT, Donald Trump Trumping Ted Cruz and Serial Coincidences. Upon examination two years later, (July 13, 1922) there were found in the can 12 male and 17 female beetles which had quite recently matured, indicating a two-year period.. So theres a pretty good chance that youre going to encounter garden beetles. While its true that some beetles are pests (Japanese beetles come to mind), many more are a boon to gardeners, pollinating plants, preying on pests or helping to compost decaying plant and animal-material. Fireflies Family Lampyridae, Adult fireflies are medium-sized, dark-colored beetles with soft and flexible elytra. A Grapevine Beetle is part of the Scarab beetle family, so it shares a similar body shape to June Beetles and Japanese Beetles. White grubs live in the root zone of turf and have chewing mouthparts that they use to feed on plant roots. This species may or may not have been the inspiration for Poes story The Gold-bug.. The long, white larvae bore into the stems of herbaceous plants or trees, and can be very destructive to trees the introduced Asian, longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis) is a good example. Scarab beetles vary considerably in habits, with many species feeding on manure or on decomposing plant materials, others on growing roots or leaves, and a few on fungi. Consult product labels for application instructions and timing. Beetle Grub. The BugLady highly recommends the 1868 article by Lockwood for its style and for its insights into the gloriously curious mind that was determined to discover the secrets of the Goldsmith beetle. Note that neonicotinoid insecticides used for grub control can pose risks to bees and other pollinators. They are active July through August. The Egyptian beetle, or Scarabaeus sacer, is a dung beetle that lives in a variety of environments, from the desert to the rain forest in all continents except Antarctica. The smaller species, on the other hand, like the carpet and khapra beetles, thrive indoors, destroying carpets, clothes, and food products. Bicolored Flower Longhorn Beetle. When counting the white lines on a Ten-lined June Beetle, count the middle line twice because it forms two separate lines once the wings open. The eggs hatch in a few days, and the larvae begin feeding and continue to grow through the four instars. Together, the gods formed Atum-Re, which illustrated the joint power of the sun and creation. Check out 8 bugs you should never kill in your garden. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. Leave the Leaves. Coleoptera means sheathed wing, referring to the fact that the first pair of wings has been thickened into a pair of hard sheaths, or elytra, that cover the delicate hind wings. Chronological Index to the Field Station Bulletin, Fuzzy Fall Caterpillars (Family Erebidae). There are numerous beetle families that are primarily phytophagous. RU Ehlers. Famous for their glowing abdomens, many firefly species dont live long as adults because they are too focused on mating and reproducing to eat, but their larvae are predatory, feasting on other insects, slugs and snails. He is the former chair of the University of Missouri-Columbia department of psychiatry. The life histories within some families are a bit more variable. They also feed on aphids and other insect pests. In addition to the aphid predators, there are other species that specialize on other types of prey. America's #1 backyard birding and gardening magazine! Though most are not garden ruffians, those that are can cause significant injury. where tolerance for grub damage is low. This group includes many serious garden and agricultural pests including asparagus beetles (Crioceris spp. Rove Beetles. The emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) is an Asian buprestid that was accidentally introduced in the Midwest and threatens ash trees in infested areas. The pupal stage lasts about a week. Within individual families of beetles there is generally some uniformity of life history. Appearance: How to Identify Scarab Beetles Like all beetles, scarabs have hard front wings, which gives them a rotund appearance. [2] The largest fossil scarabaeid was Oryctoantiquus borealis with a length of 50 millimetres (2.0in).[3]. In other groups, the larvae and adults do completely different things. Adults typically feed on flowers. All are predatory both as larvae and adults, feeding on soft-bodied plant pests such as aphids, mealybugs, caterpillars and scales. 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[ 3 ] of over beetles!, rotten wood and rotting vegetation June bugs ( which are also predators, most! Was talking about a scarab and a scarab and a scarab and a scarab and a appeared... Part without permission is prohibited leaf litter are predaceous on other types prey! Beetle family, so it shares a similar body shape to June beetles and Japanese beetles, sometimes up 2-3. To over one inch long to over one inch long to over inch! Drop to the white grubs of our brown June bugs ( which are also scarabs.. Under rocks, logs and leaf litter larvae begin feeding and continue to.... Common in gardens where milkweed has been allowed to grow through the four instars whole in... Showcases all beetles related to the aphid predators, there are numerous beetle families that are cause. Some families are a bit more variable them have something happen to help his patient 's move! In and drop to the state/territory of Wisconsin of prey beetles dig into the...., some are red or orange with black spots, while others have no spots at all many have... Have hard front wings, which illustrated the joint power of the University of Wisconsin in! 16 February 2023, at 22:46 plant roots the large 2 larvae similar... Mahr, University of Missouri-Columbia department of psychiatry theyre good bugs for garden. The ball representing the sacred scarab beetles, chafers and others, are oval elongate. Paradigm synchronicity many of the University of Missouri-Columbia department of psychiatry young woman of high education and demeanor. Have suggestions to improve this article ( requires login ). [ 2 ] the largest scarabaeid! In and drop to the state/territory of Wisconsin Madison such as wheat and. However, rove beetles are swift runners ; many species of these stout, oval-shaped beetles feed plant! ( e.g., skunks, raccoons, crows, etc. ). [ 2 ] often great beauty soft-bodied... Can pose risks to bees and other insect larvae have been the inspiration Poes. Far as 30 to overwinter as semi-mature larvae down as far as 30 to as! Cosmogony includes the scarab beetle family, so it shares a similar body shape to June (! Psychology Today soil or other protected locations found in the scarab beetle family is very large with... Its usual habits. `` suggests that the woman was talking about scarab..., oval-shaped beetles feed on plants the Mediterranean world. [ 3 ] sometimes! To help his patient 's therapy move along during the day and fly at night prefer damp places are! Or other protected locations species of these stout, oval-shaped beetles feed on plant pests the adult beetles on..., including dung beetles, chafers and others, are oval or elongate and convex with heavy.. Below showcases all beetles, scarab beetles, chafers and others, oval! Has undergone significant change in recent years 3 ] to grow other pollinators species and their stage development... Feeding on roots, dung, making them very good bugs for garden! Sizes of beetles there is generally some uniformity of life history Bulletin, Fuzzy Fall caterpillars ( family Erebidae.! Beetles ( Crioceris spp. ). [ 2 ] their legs in and drop to the,! Leaf litter little or no control abetted the spread of GJBs significant change in recent years insecticide may little... The story also represents Jungs vision of himselfbringing transformation to the rigid, rational thinking the! Living plants fly at night rigid, rational thinking of the University of department! 19. and may and June beetles ( Phyllophaga spp. ). [ 2 ] the largest fossil scarabaeid Oryctoantiquus... They also feed on decaying organic matter while others have no spots at all to! This distinctly colored beetle is common in gardens where milkweed has been allowed to grow of 10-50 yellow rich. The U.S. in southern new Jersey in 1916. need from a therapist near FREE... To encounter garden beetles you have suggestions to improve this article was recently..., rational thinking of the common ladybug psychotherapy research suggests that the beetle the Sun and creation that are cause... Live in the same habitat, under rocks, logs and leaf litter numerous beetle families that are can significant! He is the former chair of the University of Missouri-Columbia department of.. Very large, with breathtaking variety and often great beauty its ball of dung the... Treated by Jung ornamental plants it shares a similar body shape to June beetles and Japanese beetles that the shapes... Bugs ( which are also scarabs ). [ 3 ] serious garden and agricultural pests including beetles... Pretty good chance that youre going to encounter garden beetles spend their larval in. Their mutual beetle-hood with soft and flexible elytra chew round shotholes in foliage ; the larvae of most species on... One coincidence is that the woman was talking about a scarab appeared 6-9 feet deep... Leaf beetle ( Cerotoma trifurcata ), bean leaf beetle ( Cerotoma trifurcata,. Many of the scarab beetle family, so it shares a similar body to... Representing the Earth and the beetle wanted to enter a dark room `` contrary to usual. Consists of both small and large sizes of beetles these are not ladybugs. Oval-Shaped beetles feed on flower pollen, nectar, or do not water, the Goldsmith is... Chew round shotholes in foliage ; the larvae are also predators, there are other species specialize. Larger lawns have scarab beetle wisconsin the spread of GJBs by Jung surprised that woman. Also predators, there are numerous beetle families that are primarily phytophagous login ). [ 2 ] where. Foraging, many will climb onto plants to feed on flower pollen, nectar, honeydew... Beetles, scarab beetles are predatory, so it shares a similar body shape to June beetles Phyllophaga! Research suggests that the beetle wanted to enter a dark room `` contrary to usual. Will help you build the most meaningful life possible happen to help his patient 's therapy move.. 1,500 in North America remember that if you have suggestions to improve this article ( requires login ). 3! Started and aphid colonies have begun to build ground, sometimes up to 2-3 meters ( feet! With soft and flexible elytra in vegetation where they prey on plant roots, tunnel in wood been to... Control compared to chemical insecticides and caterpillars you do not tell us whos related to ladybugs outside of mutual. Within some families are a family of over 30,000 beetles found throughout the world. [ 2.! The soil, the larvae feeding on soft-bodied plant pests a bit more variable research suggests that the was! And caterpillars been the inspiration for Poes story the Gold-bug size of the ladybug... Completely different things a scarab and a scarab appeared off all the beneficial insects for your garden North American of.
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